Transactions between: Building to Other (Service Provider)

 

1.Third-Party Energy Provider

Protocols:

• Customer signs contract with service provider to get final bill

Frequency:

Once a month

2.Efficiency Shared Savings

Protocols:

Customer (typically a commercial building owner) signs up with an energy service company (ESCO) who provides energy efficiency retrofits and services in exchange for a shared savings contract.

Frequency:

Once a month or depends on the contract.

3. Diagnostic and Automated Commissioning Services

Protocols:

• customers select a service provider on line and pay the service bill based on the efficiency.

Frequency:

• One-time contract for customer sign-up.• One-time delivery of building metadata.• Periodic or continuous delivery of time-series data from building management system.

4. Air Shed Management

Protocols:

• Customers can respond to the variation in price by curtailing their consumption during surcharge periods, to avoiding air shedding

Frequency:

• Surcharges are sent out with hourly granularity, a 48-hour look-ahead, and updated on a regular (e.g. daily or hourly basis). • Savings appear on the customer’s regular (e.g., monthly) utility bill.

Tansactions whin building(s):

5. Tenant Contracts with Building Owner for Energy

Protocols:

• contract between building owner and tenant.

Frequency:

Once a month or when the energy usage reaches peak value

6. Transactive Control for Large Commercial Building HVAC Systems

Protocols:

Every layers purchase energy from the layer above and satisfy the comfort and economic optical operation.

Frequency:

Transactions regarding energy dispatch of equipment would take place every minutes actual billing transactions with tenants or business divisions would occur on a monthly basis or other convenient interval.

Transaction between:Service Provider to Service Provider

7. Data Centers Trade Computation Jobs

Protocols:

• use idle capacity to handle the task from other overwheeled data center and make money by the way

Frequency:

• One-time contract for partnering agreement sign-up.

• Transfer of job within 1 second or less.

• Periodic or continuous tally and settlement of energy savings.

• Agreed upon adjustment for any imbalance in overall jobs run.

Transaction between:building to building

8. Microgrid Coordinating Demand Response, Distributed Generation and Storage

Protocols:

• Consumers sign up with an independent microgrid operator (IMO) to manage energy trading between buildings, DSs, and DGs within a microgrid, based on the electricity at that time

Frequency:

• Irregular, long-term ~ (annual or until-further-notice) for membership sign

9. Trading Allocated Capacity Rights

Protocols:

• Customer acquires capacity rights through (1) payment for the right to utilize a specified amount of system capacity or (2) customers are allocated their share of the system capacity by their service provider.

Frequency:

  The transactions should be made frequently as load forecasts are continuously updated to provide more accurate information about customer needs, therefore the time scales for transactions are:

• Long-term rights: months/years.

• Short-term rights: 5-min real time and, optionally, 5-min rights a day ahead.

Transaction between:customer to customer

10. Trading Positions in an Electric Vehicle Charging Queue

Protocols:

• optimize the charging process by analysising the load conidtion

Frequency:

• Asynchronous bilateral transaction occurs on time scale of less than 1 minute, as a matter of convenience.

Transaction between:building to grid

11.Dynamic Rate

Protocols:

• Customer decide how to use their electricity by the guide of dynamic electricity price.

Frequency:

• calculate everyday, tell customer every hour.

12. Optimize Electric Vehicle Charging for Dynamic Rate

Protocols:

• Dynamic rates are sent to customers for them to decide how to utilize their loads.

• Customer uses EMS or BAS to develop charging schedules for plugged-in EV based on dynamic rate forecasts.

Frequency:

• Change in charging schedule occurs  hourly

• Customer savings from charging EVs to lower-price periods is reflected in monthly electric bills.

13.Transactive Energy Market Exchange

Protocols:

Bi-lateral transactions between a customer and suppliers of energy and delivery services are conducted in an asynchronous fashion much like a stock market.

Frequency:

Several time scales, depending on type of power purchased.

14.Trading Efficiency to Relieve Congestion

Protocols:

• In addition to the process described in the related use cases, an eBay-like system of identifying customers in the right locations could be established if there were postings by customers of energy audit-like results expressing their savings opportunity and their required investment threshold.

• Utility or aggregator could then readily target the lowest cost opportunities in the correct location.

Frequency:

Once a month

15.Differentiated Reliability Service

Protocols:

• if there is a forecast that customers may suffer a outage, the distributed generator will work in island mode to ensure the stability.

Frequency:

• the same with the fault happens.

16.Interruptible Service or Direct Load Control

Protocols:

• Customers sacrifice part of usage freedom, but will get paid back.

Frequency:

• Irregular

17. Transactive Retail Energy Market

Protocols:

• Customer can sell thier power to the grid, but should at the time that grid need.

Frequency:

• happens everyday

18.Ancillary Services via Aggregator

Protocols:

• power will be dispatched or aggregated when the customers signed with service provider.

Frequency:

• Reserving the capacity for ancillary services generally occurs at same the time scale as the wholesale energy market interval (today 1 hour, moving to 15-min in many regions).

• Dispatch of regulation occurs at 4-second intervals. Regulation signals tend to change from positive to negative over periods of a few minutes.

• Dispatch of spinning reserve may occur any time, with full response to be delivered within 10 minutes.

19.Transactive Acquisition of Ancillary Services

Type of Transaction: Building to Grid

Protocols:

• Aggregators typically engage their customers in providing traditional demand response or net load reduction.

• Loads are dispatched by the utility when necessary based on a 4-second resolution regulation signal, within the capacity limits specified by the customer.

Frequency:

• 5 minutes for offer from customer to participate and notice from aggregator of acceptance.

• Dispatch of regulation occurs at 4-second intervals. Regulation signals tend to change from positive to negative over periods of a few minutes.

• Dispatch of spinning reserve may occur any time, with full response to be delivered within 10 minutes.

20.Rate Dependent Priority for Cold Load Pickup

Protocols:

• Any excess charges resulting from the artificially high rates are rebated to customers on RTP plans.

Frequency:

• Customer rebates are received on their monthly bill.

21.Emergency Power Rationing

Protocols:

• Customers said their power usage plan first, if they exceed the plan for a long time, power grid could force them cut down something.

Frequency:

• Premiums are paid monthly by customers.

• tell customers in 4 hours after their harmful condition.

22.Efficiency Incentive Payment

Protocols:

• Customer installs efficiency measures at their expense.

• Customer applies to utility for bounty (incentive payment) for savings achieved.

• Utility verifies savings and sends payment to customer.

Frequency:

• Payment may occur once after verification, or annually as persistence is re-verified over some period of years.